The Significance of September 30th
By: Angélica Boucher
As accurately said by Darren Weaselchild, “with Truth and Reconciliation, it is hard to focus on one issue.” The depth of what happened to Indigenous peoples is just starting to be heard, with residential schools receiving a large part of the attention. On June 3, 2021, the Government of Canada announced that September 30 would officially be considered the National Day for Truth and Reconciliation. But what does this mean? I spoke with three Indigenous leaders from Alberta who shared their thoughts and wisdom on what the National Day for Truth and Reconciliation signifies.
Significance from Indigenous Leaders
Darren Weaselchild
Knowledge Keeper from Siksika First Nation
Second-generation residential school survivor
For Darren Weaselchild, the Day for Truth and Reconciliation is meaningful because “we live in a fast-paced society or an information overload era. People cannot take the time to process information. So, taking the day to acknowledge and process issues that Indigenous people are going through is good in that sense.”
Darren stated that currently, Indigenous peoples are still facing a multitude of issues as a result of the colonial system that was made to assimilate them. These issues include murdered and missing Indigenous women and girls, substance abuse issues, and the clean drinking water issue. Many reserves do not have access to clean drinking water in Alberta, even if it is a basic human right. In addition, there is “less tuition funding for on reserve students than off reserve” and “on reserve schools have less to offer the students.”
However, Darren shared that being seen as a human being remains a struggle for Indigenous peoples. Canada needs to start “understanding that we are people, not savages, not animals.” Darren warns us that “Truth and Reconciliation is a good start but we need to take a long hard look on how things are today.” To this day, Darren expressed that he is a victim of racism and is often asked ignorant questions, such as ‘where are your braids?’
“Truth and Reconciliation needs to be all year, not just one day and then back to being racist through words and actions,” he stated. In other words, it is time for Canada to acknowledge what was done to Indigenous peoples and to value them as human beings. “Non-Indigenous people need to listen with an honest heart” because “history has not been honest and truthful” about what Darren refers to as the “Indian Holocaust.”
Richard (Steinhauer) Swaren
Knowledge Keeper from Saddle Lake First Nation
Third-generation residential school survivor
“The significance of it is that we are barely just going through the Truth part. Reconciliation cannot happen until we are actually being heard,” explained Richard Swaren. He went on to explain that Indigenous peoples still get comments such as, “why can’t they just get over it?” In response, Richard asked, “How do you get over genocide when it’s still happening?” Similar to Darren, Richard listed all the current issues that are impacting his people, including the overrepresentation of Indigenous people in our incarceration system and the removal of children from mothers in hospitals.
To Richard, the importance of the Day for Truth and Reconciliation is getting people to hear the truth because “[genocide] is happening and it will continue to happen until the truth is heard.” Thus, Rick expressed that Canadians need to learn about the true strategy and history behind the Canadian government’s attempts to assimilate Indigenous, Inuit, and Metis. With intensity, Richard added, “I just want to put up a sign up that says, ‘No our people will not forget genocide’ […] but I’d probably end up with slashed tires and probably get punched out a few times because it’s the truth and… it’s too much for them [Canada] to cope with.” Richard acknowledged that this learning will be a process, but it is a process that must be done simultaneously. Indigenous peoples have their traditional ways of healing just like settler peoples have theirs.
As beautifully said by Rick, “This is a journey that we all need to walk (each using their own culturally appropriate methodologies). As was the agreement represented by the wampum belt (initial Treaty signing between two sovereign nations). Indigenous and Western society agreed to walk side by side, respecting each other's path. We all have red [coloured] blood; there’s no two-ways about it. We’re all human beings.”
Ekti Margaret Cardinal
Elder and tipi maker from Saddle Lake First Nation
Residential school survivor
When thinking about the National Day for Truth and Reconciliation, Ekti Margaret Cardinal talked about the process of healing and learning. She explained that the day is important to “acknowledge that it happened instead of being in denial.” By “it,” she refers to colonialism and all its systems, such as residential schools, that caused wounds and trauma to Indigenous peoples.
This denial does not only come from non-Indigenous peoples, but also from some Indigenous families. A lot of families denied that they were Indigenous because they wanted to protect themselves from colonialism, discrimination, and racism. Ekti added that “even today some people don’t want to admit they went through traumatic stuff.”
When Ekti explained this to me, it made me reflect on my family and on my own great-grandfather who chose not to pass down his Algonquian culture. He did so to protect his children and grandchildren (my mother) from being labelled “a savage.” Additionally, some parents who went to residential schools chose not to tell their children about the trauma they endured.
Referring to this silence, Ekti elaborated that it was a way to protect the children. “I know some people who are angry that their parents didn’t tell them. But they should be grateful. Parents had to do what they had to do to protect their children.”
On the other hand, Ekti spoke about how wrong it is that the government kept the truth about residential schools silent. She said that it is important that we learn from those awful times. And this learning can only begin with acknowledgement. Ekti stated that right now “Canada is stuck between shock and acceptance,” but that it is a relief that people are starting to listen.
Now, “they [settlers] need to process,” just like Indigenous peoples are still processing what happened to them. Therefore, the Day for Truth and Reconciliation is the beginning of a much-needed process of acknowledgment and learning in order to move forward towards healing.
How should the day be treated?
The National Day for Truth and Reconciliation is not a celebration; it is a day of remembrance, of respect, and of honouring the children that died due to the genocide and residential schools.
Ekti Margaret Cardinal explained that it should be treated in a similar fashion to Remembrance Day. Richard Swaren agreed with comparing September 30th to Remembrance Day because “remembering the past and by acknowledging our past, it keeps it alive. Remembrance Day is a day about sharing the sacrifices that our men and women made. And by sharing those stories, it keeps and respects and shows our love for those people that made sacrifices.”
However, he furthered that it is also “a time of awakening. A time of bringing forth our allies. We need them at our side to move forward because they have the access, they have the influence, they have the power to help this message, this truth to be brought forward.”
During my conversations, I also spoke about the possibility that the National Day for Truth and Reconciliation may bring up negative feelings for Indigenous peoples. Darren Weaselchild explained that truth and reconciliation can be hard for Indigenous people because “we had to jump through all the hoops of western society to learn to live exactly like them and even then, we are still not accepted by them.”
Discrimination and assimilation are still happening in our society. Therefore, it is important to remember to act with what our Executive Director at Imagine, Line Perron, calls the ‘KEG Approach.’ In other words, we must remember to act with Kindness, Empathy, and Generosity on this day that is difficult for all the nations of Canada.
The way forward
For Canada, we are still at a time of acknowledgement, of recognizing the truth, and of taking accountability for what was done to Indigenous peoples. This time of acknowledgement and honest listening must be done before we can move towards reconciliation. Without truly listening, we cannot understand one another and without true understanding, we cannot heal together. As Ekti shared, “it’s a matter of process.”
We thank the Elders who have shared their knowledge and experiences with us for this interview.
References
Clean drinking water issue - https://ucalgary.ca/news/tip-iceberg-true-state-drinking-water-advisories-first-nations
National Day for Truth and Reconciliation - https://www.canada.ca/en/canadian-heritage/campaigns/national-day-truth-reconciliation.html
Orange Shirt Day - https://www.orangeshirtday.org/
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